هل ستصبح شريكنا القادم ؟
Low-grade saprolite nickel laterite, characterized by complicated minerals composition and fine-grained and complex dissemination, was commonly treated with a low recovery efficiency of Ni and Fe by conventional methods. Hence, an improved direct reduction and magnetic separation process was proposed. Meanwhile, the …
Read More
leaching (HPAL), Caron process, and direct nickel process (DNi) are the most common processes to treat lateritic ore [4]. HL process can be processed at ambient temperature, but it is a kinetically slow process, and the yield is low compared to AL and HPAL [5]. AL requires 1 bar pressure and tem-perature in the range of approximately (50–90 °C).
Read More
According to the characteristics of nickel laterite ore, a non-melting reduction treatment process was designed. The preliminary test results indicated that a ferronickel concentrate with 6.81% (or 7.09%) Ni can be obtained via reduction roasting at 1200 °C (or 1200 °C) for 40 min (or 20 min) in the presence of 12% CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O (or …
Read More
The carbothermic reduction roasting of Bajaur laterite ore for the ammoniacal leaching under the modified Caron process was studied using Na 2 SO 4 as an additive and locally available coal as the potential reductant. The parameters viz. coal mixing, temperature, Na 2 SO 4 mixing, and time were optimized for the selective …
Read More
The selective reduction method at a low-temperature process, which continued with the lateritic nickel ore's magnetic separation process, has been developed [8]. Metalization of iron is inhibited, increasing the nickel content in concentrate (magnetic particle) using additives, such as sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and sodium chloride …
Read More
The mechanism of laterite nickel ore on the overall reduction process was clarified, and the best-process system was obtained. In addition, the research results can also be used to study the recycling of different secondary solid waste resources containing iron, chromium, and nickel, as well as the protection and efficient utilization of ore ...
Read More
The appropriate basicity type in selective reduction of limonitic ore was 0.3 of ternary basicity (BT1) and 0.2 of quaternary basicity (BQ1), which had a similar nickel grade and recovery, i.e., 6.08% and 88.33%, respectively. At low basicity, the addition of CaO and SiO2 could suppress the metallization of iron through troilite and fayalite ...
Read More
A new process of extracting silica from laterite nickel ore by hydrothermal treatment with sodium hydroxide as reaction auxiliary agent was proposed. The mineralogical transformation and silicon extraction kinetics of laterite nickel ore in alkaline hydrothermal treatment were studied. The effects of reaction temperature (175 ~ 250℃), …
Read More
The optimal process parameters obtained were a reduction temperature of 1350 °C, reduction time of 2 h, carbon ratio of 1.2, and CaO addition of 10%. In this case, the ferro-nickel alloy with nickel grade …
Read More
It is very important to take into account that for treating nickel ore in pieces, the iron reduction was 46%, indicating that the fine material has a higher surface species present in a laterite ...
Read More
sulfide nickel ore in nickel production [3]. Nickel laterite ore accounts for up to 70% of total nickel resources in the world. Nevertheless, it was difficult for applying …
Read More
The details of tungsten ore beneficiation and prior-reduction process have been thoroughly discussed by Habashi . WO 2.9, WO 2.72, ... Rashed AH, Rao YK (1996) Kinetics of reduction of nickel oxide with hydrogen gas in the 230–452°C range. Chem Eng Comm 156:1–30. Article Google Scholar Nakajima H, Shimizu S, Onuki K, Ikezoe Y, …
Read More
The reduction process can be divided into three stages according to the conversion degree. ... (RKEF) process, has been widely applied to produce ferronickel from the nickel laterite ore [8]. The RKEF process, which includes calcination and pre-reduction at 800–1000 °C for 4–6 h in a rotary kiln, followed by smelting at 1550–1600 …
Read More
The reduction of nickel ore was conducted at a reduction in temperature variations (950°C, 1050°C, 1150°C) with the presents of 10 wt.% additive sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and addition 0%, 2. ...
Read More
A low-grade nickel laterite ore from Indonesia was selected to investigate the effect of temperature and time of reduction upon the extraction of nickel through the selective reduction-magnetic separation process to produce the ferronickel. The nickel ore was mixed with5 wt.% of anthracite coal and 10 wt.% of sodium sulfate additive.
Read More
The carbothermic reduction roasting followed by ammoniacal leaching of a Ni-laterite ore from Bajaur (Pakistan) has been studied first time for its potential exploitation via the Caron process.
Read More
The first stage of the process involves carbothermic reduction in which iron, nickel, and cobalt contents of the ore are reduced with carbon at 1400–1600 °C and separated as a metallic phase. This process is similar to the conventional smelting process for the production of ferronickel from nickel laterites in a DC-arc furnace ( …
Read More
Limonite nickel ore has potency to utilize as raw material for ferronickel or nickel matte, since it has low grade nickel content, thus process development is n ... Mechanism of sodium sulfate in promoting selective reduction of nickel laterite ore during reduction roasting process," Int. J. Miner. Process.
Read More
The main source of nickel has gradually become the recovery of ferronickel concentrate from low-grade laterite nickel ore. In this work, high-grade ferronickel concentrate was prepared by a reduction roasting-magnetic separation process, and low-grade ferronickel concentrate and CaF 2 were used as composite additives to promote …
Read More
Numerous studies have demonstrated that Na2SO4 can significantly inhibit the reduction of iron oxide in the selective reduction process of laterite nickel ore. …
Read More
Hydrometallurgical process for nickel sulfide ore was developed in 1970s, ... Bioleaching uses the oxidation or reduction of microorganisms to soak nickel and …
Read More
The effects of additives with Na2S, Na2SO4 and CaSO4 on phase transformation of nickel laterite ore in low-temperature reduction roasting process using carbon monoxide were investigated.
Read More
Large scale utilization is still an urgent problem for waste red mud with a high content of alkaline metal component in the future. Laterite ores especially the saprolitic laterite ore are one refractory nickel resource, the nickel and iron of which can be effectively recovered by direct reduction and magnetic separation. Alkaline metal salts …
Read More
nickel ore having nickel less than 1.7% to recommenc e [20]. Together with the start of low-grade ferro- ... the V aniukov process, and the reduction roasting–magnetic. separation process are ...
Read More
The most relevant studies regarding hydrogen reduction and kinetics of unsupported NiO are listed in Table II including the most important process parameters, used model, and calculated E a values. As seen from the Table, different models have been suggested to describe the reaction, and derived E a values vary from 3.5 to 120 kJ/mol. …
Read More
The high basicity is negative to reduction of iron, but can promote the reduction of nickel. • The reduction temperature and pellet basicity are the main …
Read More
Abstract Nickel is mostly extracted from sulfide ores, however, laterite ores account for over 60 pct of all nickel resources in the world, and despite its predominance, there is no well-established process to extract nickel from such ores. Nickel in laterites is hosted in many different compounds such as oxides, hydroxides, and silicates minerals. …
Read More
to 1300°C, the phase of saprolitic nickel ore changes into a complex mineral. The mineral is dominated by olivine (Mg 0.5Fe 0.5) 2SiO 4. 29) 2.3 Direct reduction of laterite nickel ore in industrial scale Most laterite nickel ore processing is carried out using Elkem process. The Elkem process uses Rotary Kiln and
Read More
The process of reductive roasting followed by acid leaching is similar to that of reductive roasting-ammonia leaching process, in which nickel and cobalt in laterite ore are selectively reduced to the metallic state by reduction, and hematite is reduced to magnetite and wüstite [63, 64]. Nickel and cobalt in the metallic state are easily ...
Read More
Two key issues for low recovery of nickel by the above process is that metallic nickel disperses in the ore and unreduced Ni 2+ are incorporated into the fayalite structure as substitutes. Therefore, the metallic reduction roasting process followed by magnetic separation provide an effectively method for laterite ores.
Read More
