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According to the three different furnaces in the steelmaking process, steel slag can be categorized into basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, and ladle furnace (LF) slag (Yildirim and Prezzi, 2011).Fig. 1 shows different steel making processes and the production of steel slags. As BOF and EAF have similar raw …
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The steel slag decreased the early hydration rate of cement; however, it could promote cement hydration in late ages. Liao et al. [87] observed that the hydration products of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement - steel slag pastes, ettringite was the main crystalline hydration product, and at 28 days, ettringite peaks remained strong in all …
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Conventionally, the steel slag was ground into fine powders and then used as a supplementary cementitious material. However, the hydraulic property of steel slag is very poor owing to its low contents of hydraulic components. ... Turning concrete waste powder into carbonated artificial aggregates. Construction and Building Materials, …
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The use of slag in concrete has several benefits, including reduced energy, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and reduced use of raw materials. Various types of slag are produced: - Blast-furnace slag—The nonmetallic product, consisting essentially of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium and of other bases, that is developed in a …
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The potential use of steel slag from treated steel slag in belite-sulfoaluminate cements was investigated in this study. Cement clinkers with two phase compositions were synthesized, allowing the incorporation of different amounts of steel slag. The phase composition and microstructure of cement clinkers at three different …
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A uniformly distributed load was then applied until the specimens fractured. The split tensile strength is higher for self-curing concrete incorporating steel slag compared to a control mix. The maximum split tensile strength among the trial mixes corresponds to self-curing concrete incorporated with steel slag (M3), and it is 2.88 …
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The process of manufacture is very simple, and, in brief, is as follows:—. The dried granulated slag is mixed with a predetermined quantity of dry slaked lime and ground to an impalpable powder. It is then ready for use as cement. The slag sand, after being drained, still contains a large percentage of adhering water.
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The first commercially available slag-based cement was developed in Germany in 1865 [17]. Currently, over 200 million tons of slag cement is used worldwide annually [18]. Metal slag is a ferrous slag, industrial waste, and by-product of the iron industry produced during iron processing in steel plants due to removing impurities from …
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Instant-chilled Steel Slag Aggregate in Concrete-Strength Related Properties[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1991, 21(6):1 083–1 091. ... Progress on Turning Steel Slag into Energy in Japan [J]. Foreign Science and Technology, 1996, (12):36–37. (in Chinese) C J Shi. Steel Slag—Its Production, Processing, …
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No-Fines Concrete with Steel Slag Samples by L.Korat et al. (2015). Image via ResearchGate. Licensed Under CC BY-SA 3.0
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The main challenge of the steel industry for the next decade is the steel production transformation process, starting in Europe. The CO 2 intensive blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BOF) route will be substituted by a combination of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), based on natural gas, later on "green" hydrogen, with an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or a …
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GGBS is a finely powdered iron slag by-product of the steel-making industry. The mechanical characteristics of M40 grade concrete with partially replaced cement of 30%, 40%, and 50% by GGBS are examined in this study. All mix design specifications and material test data are carried out per IS codes, for a curing time of 7, 14, and 28 days ...
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Section snippets Generation processes. In China, BOF slag accounts for about 70% of the annual steel slag production (Cheng and Yang, 2010). In the BOF process (Fig. 1), minor steel scrap and a large amount of molten iron from ironmaking as well as fluxes (lime/dolomite) are added into the furnace, and a 99% pure oxygen flow is …
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Abstract. In this review, steel slag usage in the cement and concrete industry and its environmental effects were examined. Also, its physical and chemical …
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The ITZ between the slag and the cement matrix provide a strong and seamless monolithic effect. • Slag after water treatment provides significantly higher strength than that of the normal aggregates. • Recycling of waste slag into concrete after water treatment contributes towards circular economy.
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Upon rapid cooling using powerful water jets, the molten/liquid slag solidifies instantly, turning into a granular and nearly fully glassy form. In most cases, after proper grinding, slag is adopted as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) for cement and concrete productions [3, 4].
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Steel slag (SS) used in this research was electrical arc furnace (EAF) slag generated in a Canadian steel manufacturing plant. The SS received had been pulverized to a fine powder with Blaine fineness of 239 m 2 /kg using a ring-and-punk mill. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) according to the standard of the Canadian Standard Association …
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Yu et al. [18,142] proposed a self-stressing steel slag aggregate concrete filled steel tubular stub columns and found that the expansion of the core steel slag …
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Montreal-based Carbicrete, an X Prize finalist, is replacing cement with ground steel slag, then curing it with CO2, which becomes a solid and binds the slag granules together into concrete. This technology eliminates the production of 2kg of CO2 per concrete block and injects 1kg of CO into each block, so it is considered carbon …
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Many restrictions exist, however, on the utilization of steel slag. When steel slag is used internally, in steel plants, the most obvious problem is that of the enrichment of P and S (Drissen et al., 2009).The Bhilai Steel Plant in India was shut down because of its high S and P content (Das et al., 2007).The amounts of free lime and free MgO are …
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It is produced during the LD process as pig iron is processed into crude steel. The main components of slag are free lime, metallic and non ... This in turn leads to expansion of concrete when LD slag is used as aggregate. ... Gulderen M (2015) Usage of steel slag in concrete as fine and/or coarse aggregate Indian. J Eng Mater Sci …
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of approximately 10 million tons [7,8]. In recent years, how to turn waste steel slag into valuables has become a hotspot. Steel slag contains tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate mineral phases with similar composition to cement, as well as a slight amount of free ... Steel-slag concrete also exhibits better strain-ratio effects in terms ...
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The development of such cement technology has also accelerated modern housing along with concrete. When it is taken into account that the CO 2 emissions caused by ... which in turn increases strength. When steel slag fine aggregate is used, a …
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Laboratory mixtures containing cement, steel slag, and in-place recycled pavement were evaluated. Test specimens were prepared with an emerging tool referred to as the PM device. Raw materials were taken from an in-place recycling project in Mississippi and blended with varying cement and steel slag dosages. Use of 15 to 30% …
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CarbiCrete developed the technology to use the processed steel slag to make the carbon-negative concrete blocks. For every ton of concrete produced, 150 kilograms of CO2 are abated or removed. According to Boulay, Lafarge will be responsible for turning the steel slag into material that is a key component in CarbiCrete's …
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Cement is replaced by slag from different steel mills, both blast furnace and ladle furnace slag. The percentages of slag substitution by cement are 30%, 40% and 50% by weight. Mechanical, physical and environmental properties have been evaluated. Compressive and flexural strength have been analysed as the main mechanical properties.
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The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of valorization of steelmaking ladle slag into a high-strength cementing material through a carbonation-activation step that uses flue-gas, so ...
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Ecology instead of dumping – processing of steel slag to a highly reactive cement component. ... Blastfurnace slag is the result of pig iron production and is mainly turned into granulated slag. Finely ground it shows latent hydraulic properties and is already used as a cement component for many applications. However, contrary to this, the ...
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Slag cement, originally known as granulated blast-furnace slag, begins with the production of iron. The heart of the process is the blast furnace that refines iron ore into iron. The ingredients are heated to nearly 1500 degrees Centigrade to form two components: iron and molten slag. The iron is used to produce steel, and the molten slag is ...
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The purpose of this article is to process blast furnace slag and turn it into an effective material in the cement industry. The results showed that the physical processing of slag by grinding it into 75 microns and increasing …
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